Ibiza has a vast cultural richness as a result of the several invasions it has been subject to throughout the island's history (Phoenician, Carthaginian, and Roman invasions). The different monuments to visit are proof of this history and allow us to picture the history of the island all the way through from the Punic period to modern times.

During the 23rd session of UNESCO World Heritage Committee held in Morocco from 29 November to 4 December 1999, Ibiza, based on natural and cultural criteria, was declared World Heritage. This heritage includes the intact 16th century fortifications of Dalt Vila, the Phoenician ruins of sa Caleta, the Phoenician-Punic cemetery of Puig des Molins and the preserved prairies of oceanic Posidenia (seaweed) in the Reserve of Ses Salines.

DALT VILA FORTIFICATIONS
In Ibiza city, theres always been defensive walls, described as strong and powerful during the classical and medieval century, but after the XV century they were not useful for defense anymore, because of the modernisation of the military engineering. Thus, Carlos I and Felipe II, based on their defensive policy for the Western Mediterranean, had to change the old medieval fortifications of the city into the best defensive wall of all the Western Mediterranean. The plan was designed by the engineer Giovan Battista Calvi and then modified and enlarged by Giacomo Paleazzo Fratin.

PHOENICIAN-PUNIC CEMETERY OF PUIG DES MOLINS
The archaeological site of Puig des Molins is, with its 50.000 metres square surface, the biggest and best preserved cemetery of all the Phoenician-Punic culture. Around 3.500 hypogeas are still conserved, that were subterranean chambers in which the buried bodies used to go with tools for the other life. The museum has a lot of pieces of art that can be contemplated, also glass and metal objects, and the symbolic terra-cota that stands as the figure of the goddess Tanit, in the Greek tradition.

THE PHOENICIAN RUINS OF SA CALETA
The Phoenicians arrived by boat and settled around the natural reserve of Ses Salines, in San José area. It is likely that Phoenicians from the Iberian peninsula settled progressively from the 8th century BC until converting the entire space available into a large urban centre throughout the 7th century BC. One of the element of the Phoenician economy was the exploitation of salt, the settlement is very close to the important natural salt marshes of Eivissa, which provides us a beautiful landscape.

PRAIRIES OF POSIDONIA, NATURAL RESERVE OF LAS SALINAS
The dense and very well preserved prairies of oceanic Posidonia (seaweed) define the particular transparence of Ibiza and Formentera's waters. The island's seabed contains the most diverse community of Cladocora caespitosa, supporting 200 species, the highest record for a marine community in the Mediterranean. If we compare the values of primary production between a European wood and the posidonia, we can see that the oxygen production of the posidonia is twice the one of the European wood.

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